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Mia: ‘We should really embrace who we are and what we look like.’ Photograph: Jackson Gallagher/The Guardian We recognise that creators predominantly use face alteration and feature augmentation to share artistic, playful and fantasy effects, and these effects are a creative way for our community to express themselves.” “We want AR effects to be a positive and safe experience for our community, and we have guidelines for creating and publishing effects using Spark AR. “Effects that directly promote cosmetic surgery are not allowed on Instagram,” a Facebook spokesman says.

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Filters that add makeup or smooth skin are discoverable there, and users are still able to use the search function to find face-altering effects. While their open-source filter creation tool, Spark AR, does allow effects that alter face shape to be uploaded, they will not appear in the “Effects Gallery”, which displays the top effects on the app at that time. Instagram and its parent company Meta, formerly known as Facebook, have made some moves to limit the use of what they call “face-altering” effects. Especially if they’re changing the structure of the face and promoting these unattainable beauty ideals, then it would be helpful to remove those filters from the platforms.” “I think that the algorithms could be updated to make it so more diversity is being recommended and shown to people,” she says. “I would look in the mirror and my lips would look so much thinner than they probably were in real life … I’ve had to take a little bit of a break from taking photos of myself just to put that buffer in place.”įardouly says there are no simple solutions – but there are things that social media platforms can do to mitigate potential harm. “I’ve even played around with overdrawing my lips, and then I’ve stopped myself and gone, ‘Why am I doing this? Like, I’ve never had a problem with my lips before in photos … “There are a few filters that make my lips look really nice … and it actually made me want to get them done,” she says. The 29-year-old has struggled with body dysmorphia for many years but says she never fixated on her lips until she started using beautifying filters for every Snapchat and Instagram photo she took. This is something Amy Hall-Hanson has experienced first hand. “Body dissatisfaction is an important predictor for eating disorders, and is a predictor for depression and low self-esteem … There is also a link to increased interest in cosmetic surgery.” Social media really gives us the tools to control how we appear … and that’s where the harm can come from Jasmine Fardouly, body image expert There’s a strong relationship between negative body image and the use of photo editing but Fardouly says it’s less clear which direction this correlation flows whether people’s self-esteem is lower due to the constant augmentation of their images or if those with low body images are more likely to use these features in the first place. “The research suggests that unless you show people the actual real version of that person’s appearance, it doesn’t seem to make a difference.” While the introduction of these disclaimers, both in traditional and social media, has been a key focus of policymakers, Fardouly says the research so far doesn’t suggest they work. When filters are used through TikTok, Instagram or Snapchat’s in-app software, a small label with the filter name appears on the video. “The fact that it’s harder to know that it’s a filter may potentially be worse for the promoting of those ideals.” Everybody’s faces are being made to look the exact same way. “It’s not attainable for anyone, really, because nobody looks like that. “It’s promoting a beauty ideal that’s not attainable for you,” she says.

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There isn’t yet a full body of research on the psychological effects of these filters but Dr Jasmine Fardouly, a body image expert from the University of New South Wales, says a study she conducted last year suggests the more unattainable the beauty standard that young people are exposed to online, the more harmful it can be … I’m almost 30! I shouldn’t feel that way … Imagine a 10-year-old using these filters. “I was in bed crying some nights about how ugly and disgusting I felt.

So it felt so easier to use them, just to make me feel a little bit better … but honestly, it doesn’t even look like me. “I was getting a lot of hate,” she says, adding: “The filters on TikTok are so smooth and flawless – they don’t always look like a filter. “At that point, I was around 100kg, so it was really scary for me to have people looking at me.”Īs her video clocked up more than 1m views, abusive comments started pouring in. Mia: ‘I was in bed crying some nights about how ugly and disgusting I felt.’ Photograph: Jackson Gallagher/The Guardian